Theology and Sociology

[pocaracas]

Hi @pocaracas, (does that notify you that someone mentioned you?)

Here's the thread for our discussion on theology and sociology. We'll see where it goes.

I'm glad to see you made this thread. I missed the notification earlier.

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Personally, I think that society somehow birthed religion, so the reduction of Theology to a subset of sociology kinda makes sense.

We have to be careful here. We now have three things: theology, religion and sociology.

Theology is rooted in two Greek words: Theos, meaning God, and logos, meaning reason. Theology is using our reason to study and know more about God and how he has shown himself to the world.

For example, we might think what could create all that we see? By definition it couldn’t be something that is part of what we see. It would have to be something outside. It would have to be different, too. Otherwise, we would ask how did it come to be? From there we would get to it being a spirit.

Now that’s a simplistic argument and I’m not debating it here. Just that it’s an example of how we would use reason to study and know more about God. Ancient Greeks (as I understand it. I wasn’t there) such as Aristotle practiced theology along these lines and got decently far.

Religion may thus be defined as the voluntary subjection of oneself to God, that is to the free, supernatural Being (or beings) on whom man is conscious of being dependent, of whose powerful help he feels the need, and in whom he recognizes the source of his perfection and happiness. It is a voluntary turning to God. In the last analysis it is an act of the will.

I would agree with you that (often) religion is birthed by society. It is a people — maybe sitting around a dung fire. Who knows? —responding to their understanding of the supreme being.

Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior. Sociologists investigate the structure of groups, organizations, and societies and how people interact within these contexts. Since all human behavior is social, the subject matter of sociology ranges from the intimate family to the hostile mob; from organized crime to religious traditions; from the divisions of race, gender and social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture. (21st Century Careers with an Undergraduate Degree in Sociology, 2014)

Thus, Sociology would include gathering data about religions to compare and contrast what different societies do. From that you could come up with common themes about a supreme being, and the means and purpose of worship. But that’s very different from Theology.

If you think back to a time when mankind was living in small communities/tribes, with lots of oral tradition, it makes sense that some stories would evolve in the shared imaginarium into something akin to lore, or legend, where the distinction between reality and fantasy is very blurry, where unexplainable phenomena would be seen as paranormal, where death of loved ones would be wished to be a simple passing to another realm, the realm of that paranormal.

Sure, that does make some sense. You can see this happening in what we do have from early cultures, especially ones where their theology deduced gods that are extensions of humanity. The people build on what they know and they come up with Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Aztec, Mayan, and Hindu gods. The Mother Goddess (is that what she was called?) would be like that.

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How they came up with those gods is still theology. Studying what they came up with is within sociology. I don’t see how theology could be a subset of sociology.

Pax et bonum

I would have thought that how people came up with gods would also be part of sociology, under the heading of human behaviour.

But I can grant some distinction between the behaviour of society and behaviour of the individual.
The individual can come up with any number of gods, but society will accept only a few of them.
Lucky for Mohammed, huh?

You guys spoke about truth seeming to be ever improving, but then would that mean that Islam is a superior truth to Christianity? Where does that put the much more recent Cargo cult?
I dislike it when religions use the word truth... More so when the capitalize it, as though there's a grand truth that only the religion is privy to.
Reality is a good word to represent the real, as opposition to the imaginary.
Truth, to me is simply a classification of a statement, or collection of statements, as accurately representing reality... or as accurately as we humans can.
So, if reality includes a god, then I'd like to know that. If belief is required (ignoring solipsism for practicality) then that accuracy of any statement made about the divine cannot be ascertained. Thus far, all claims of existing divinities that I've come across rely on belief, so I'm tempted to exclude them from the realm of reality, and thus include them in the realm of the imaginary.